King, a Film Record... Montgomery to Memphis (DOC, S. Lumet et J. L. Mankiewicz, 1970) ; Hello Actors Studio (Annie Tresgot, 1988).
Réalisateur :
On the Harmfulness of Tobacco (CM, 1959) ; Rachel, Rachel (id., 1968) ; le Clan des irréductibles (Sometimes a Great Notion/Never Give an Inch, 1971) ; De l'influence des rayons gamma sur le comportement des marguerites (The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds, 1972) ; l'Affrontement (Harry and Son, 1984) ; la Ménagerie de verre (The Glass Menagerie, 1987).
NEWMEYER (Fred C.)
cinéaste américain (Central City, Colo., 1888 - Woodland Hills, Ca., 1967).
Ancien professionnel de base-ball, il fait équipe avec Sam Taylor, qui travaille les scènes de gags, pour tourner les films de Harold Lloyd. Newmeyer est à l'aise dans les mouvements de foule, l'action, la casse. Privé de Lloyd, il perd pied à la fin du muet. Son dernier film est coréalisé par Gordon Douglas : General Spanky (1936). Avec Harold Lloyd, il a signé Marin malgré lui (A Sailor-Made Man, 1921) ; le Talisman de grand-mère (Grandma's Boy, 1922) ; Dr Jack (id., id.) — et cosigné avec Taylor : Monte là-dessus (Safety Last, 1923) ; Faut pas s'en faire (Why Worry ?, id.) ; ça te la coupe ! (Girl Shy, 1924) ; Hot Water (id.) ; Vive le sport ! (The Freshman, 1925). Il est seul crédité pour la direction de Fast and Loose (1930), son ultime collaboration avec Lloyd.
NEWTON (Robert)
acteur britannique (Shaftesbury, Dorset, 1905 - Beverly Hills, Ca., 1956).
Venu à l'écran dès 1932 (Réunion, Ivor Campbell), il imprime à tous les personnages la truculence et l'anticonformisme qu'il cultive dans la vie. Il apporte beaucoup de pittoresque aux rôles secondaires de ses débuts dans l'Invincible Armada (William K. Howard, 1937), la Taverne de la Jamaïque (A. Hitchcock, 1939), Gaslight (T. Dickinson, 1940), Major Barbara (H. French et Gabriel Pascal, 1941), Henry V (L. Olivier, 1944). L'émouvant père de famille d'Heureux Mortels (D. Lean, 1944) et le peintre névrosé de Huit Heures de sursis (C. Reed, 1947) jouent volontiers les personnages antipathiques comme l'ignoble Bill Sykes d'Oliver Twist (D. Lean, 1948), le maître chanteur cauteleux des Amants traqués (N. Foster, 1948), le docteur criminel de l'Obsédé (E. Dmytryk, 1949), l'inquiétant Javert de la Vie de Jean Valjean (L. Milestone, 1952). Ne reculant jamais devant l'outrance, il incarne à merveille l'ancien soldat à force herculéenne d'Androcles et le lion (Chester Erskine, 1953) ou le comédien cabotin d'Écrit dans le ciel (W. Wellman, 1954). Il excelle également dans les personnages d'ivrognes (les Rats du désert, R. Wise, 1953 ; le Vagabond des îles, M. Box, 1954). Mais Robert Newton reste à tout jamais l'extraordinaire Long John Silver, le pirate à la jambe de bois des écrits de R. L. Stevenson (l'Île au trésor, B. Haskin, 1950 ; le Pirate des mers du Sud, id., 1955) ou le truculent Barbe noire le pirate (R. Walsh, 1952). Peu avant sa mort, il interprète l'inspecteur Fix dans le Tour du monde en 80 jours (M. Anderson, 1956).
NGANGURA (Mwézé Dieudonné)
cinéaste congolais, [ex-zaïrois] (Kinshasa 1950).
Étudiant à Bruxelles à l'Institut des arts de diffusion (IAD), il enseigne ensuite à l'Institut national des arts et au Studio école de la voix du Zaïre (SEVOZA). Après son court métrage documentaire Chéri Samba (1980), il obtient avec Kin-Kiesse (1983) le prix du meilleur documentaire au FESPACO'83. Son premier long métrage, La vie est belle (1987), est une fiction sur la musique et la rencontre des cultures au Zaïre. Le Roi, la Vache et le Prisonnier (1994) ne connaît qu'une diffusion des plus restreintes. En revanche, Pièces d'identité (1998) lui vaut l'étalon de Yennenga, c'est-à-dire le premier prix du FESPACO'99. À travers l'histoire d'un roi du Zaïre parti à la recherche de sa fille dont il a perdu la trace en Belgique alors qu'elle y faisait des études, M. D. Ngangura aborde une nouvelle fois, mais de manière plus frontale, la question du difficile dialogue des cultures.
NIBLO (Federico Nobile, dit Fred)
cinéaste américain (York, Nebr., 1874 - La Nouvelle-Orléans, La., 1948).
Venu de la troupe de George M. Cohan, il travaille auprès d'Ince dès 1917, réalisant notamment Dangerous Hours (1918), rude mise en garde contre le despotisme, tsariste ou bolchevik, et Sex (1920). Engagé par Fairbanks, il exécute sous sa direction l'allègre Signe de Zorro (The Mark of Zorro, 1920), puis les Trois Mousquetaires (The Three Musketeers, 1921). Arènes sanglantes (Blood and Sand, 1922) confirme son adresse : Valentino y est dirigé avec finesse et les scènes d'action alternent vigoureusement avec les images emblématiques. Aussi Mayer l'amène-t-il à la MGM dès sa fondation. Son premier ouvrage, The Red Lily (1924), y sera un succès. Il se voit donc confier, de préférence à Stroheim, Ingram ou Brabin, la responsabilité de Ben Hur (1926). Certes le combat naval et la course de chars ont été tournés par B. Reaves Eason ; certes on démêle malaisément la part qui revient à Niblo dans la Tentatrice (The Temptress, 1926) où il remplace Stiller ; mais on reconnaît ici et là son sens des rythmes intérieurs à l'image autant que du montage, son goût de la richesse picturale et sa manière d'obtenir des acteurs une expression précise et mesurée. En 1928, il dirige encore Greta Garbo (la Belle Ténébreuse [Mysterious Lady]) et Joan Crawford (Dream of Love), après Norma Talmadge (la Dame aux camélias [Camille], 1927). Mais, associé à la chute de John Gilbert (Redemption, 1930), il ne s'adaptera guère au parlant, malgré son exil en Angleterre (Diamond Cut Diamond, 1932).
NICAUD (Philippe)
acteur français (Paris 1926).
Jeune premier romantique, il s'impose comme le personnage charnière de nombreux films. Il a ainsi joué dans : Les amoureux sont seuls au monde (H. Decoin, 1948), Aux yeux du souvenir (J. Delannoy, 1949), Meurtres (R. Pottier, 1950), Miquette et sa mère (H.-G. Clouzot, id.), les Amants de Bras-Mort (M. Pagliero, 1951), le Dos au mur (É. Molinaro, 1958), les Noces vénitiennes (A. Cavalcanti, 1959), Voulez-vous danser avec moi ? (M. Boisrond, id.), le Gigolo (J. Deray, 1960), la Dame dans l'auto avec des lunettes et un fusil (A. Litvak, 1970), l'Île mystérieuse (H. Colpi et J. Bardem, 1972).
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