Danseur athlétique, dynamique, précis, très expressif, il se distingue particulièrement dans les rôles de composition et dans les danses de *caractère. Il participe à la création de ballets de G. *Balanchine (*Cotillon, le *Fils prodigue), B. *Nijinska (les *Biches, les *Noces, le *Train bleu) et surtout Massine (la *Boutique fantasque, *Parade, le *Pas d'acier, les *Présages, le *Tricorne). Il marque aussi de sa personnalité ses reprises des rôles de V. *Nijinski (*Petrouchka, l'Esclave d'or de *Schéhérazade, le *Faune).
GP
V.A. WÖLFL (né v.1940).
Plasticien.
Berlinois, élève d'Oskar Kokoschka à Salzburg, puis de Otto Steinert à l'École Folkwang d'*Essen, il expose en Allemagne et à New York. Interessé par la danse, il travaille avec R. *Hoffmann, S. *Linke et H. *Kresnik. En 1986, il fonde le groupe Neuer Tanz, à Düsseldorf, avec la chorégraphe Wanda Golonka. Dans ses univers froids, d'une rigueur plastique implaccable, costumes, lumières et gestuelle participent à créer une esthétique dissonante, qui fait appel volontairement à des clichés érotiques, voire masochistes.
MIB
Elsa WOLLIASTON (née en 1945).
Danseuse, chorégraphe et pédagogue américaine.
Née à la Jamaïque, elle est élevée dans un village au Kenya par sa grand-mère paternelle qui l'initie à la danse. En 1961, elle arrive aux États-Unis où elle étudie, à la Carnegie School, la danse (avec A. *Danilova notamment) et le piano (avec Nadia Boulanger). En 1969, elle s'installe à Paris et commence à enseigner la danse. Après une tournée au Niger avec Ch. de *Rougemont et H. *Yano, elle fonde avec ce dernier le Ma Danse Rituel Théâtre (1975) ; leur intense relation de travail et de pensée, qui se traduit par plusieurs créations en commun, de Rivière Sumida (1975) à Ishtar et Tammuz (1986), s'achève à la mort de Yano, auquel elle dédie la Solitude d'être (1988). Son propre travail obtient une tardive reconnaissance en 1996 à *Bagnolet avec Espoir 95.
« C'est l'énergie qui crée la forme », affirme E. Wolliaston ; comprendre ce point, c'est « sentir par où passe le fil de [sa] vie, là où il cassera un jour » . C'est aussi se donner les moyens de dépasser les blessures, les mutilations, réelles ou symboliques, qui affectent le corps, pour atteindre l'essence du rythme. Non pas un idéal de rythme, dont l'« Africain » aurait le secret, mais l'alternance en chacun entre points forts et points faibles. Cette démarche qui anime son enseignement, suivi par de nombreux danseurs contemporains, se retrouve aussi dans ses créations. Si le rituel est au centre de son travail d'Ouverture (1979) à Une longue Route (1995) ou à Réveil (1997, mus. Bruno Besnainou) - une relecture du *Sacre du printemps -, il est toujours conçu comme ouverture à l'autre, que ce soit avec Yano, S. *Lacy (Duo, 1983 ; Five Colors, 1987), D. *Dunn (Futurities, 1984) ou avec des metteurs en scène comme Peter Stein avec qui elle collabore régulièrement depuis les Nègres (1984).
PLM
Donna WOOD (née en 1954).
Danseuse américaine.
Formée auprès de Josephine Schwarz à Dayton (Ohio), elle se produit avec la Dayton Contemporary Dance Company, puis avec le *Dance Theatre of Harlem avant d'intégrer l'Alvin *Ailey American Dance Theatre en 1972. Elle devient une seconde J. *Jamison en tant que soliste principale de la compagnie, tant sa présence est impressionnante dans *Cry, notamment. Wood est aussi artiste invitée à travers les États-Unis, le Canada et à Hambourg et Vienne. Lorsqu'elle quitte la scène, elle devient directrice des relations publiques de la compagnie Ailey, sous la direction de Jamison en 1996.
MK
Bibliographie. L. Small, « D. W. », Dance Magazine, New York, 1979.
Joan WOODBURY (née en 1927).
Danseuse, chorégraphe et pédagogue américaine.
Formée à l'Université de Wisconsin par M. *H'Doubler et L. *Kloepper, elle étudie avec A. *Nikolais à partir de 1949 et part un an à Berlin travailler avec M. *Wigman (1955). Dès 1951, elle enseigne à l'université de l'Utah et fonde en 1964, avec la danseuse Shirley Ririe, la compagnie de répertoire contemporain Ririe-Woodbury, qui accueille les plus grands noms et tourne intensivement. Tout en rythmes et espaces changeants, ses créations (plus de cent) sont souvent sous-tendues par un commentaire ironique sur la société.
ML
Chorégraphies. Affectionate Infirmities (1971) ; Diverse Creatures (1981) ; l'Invasion (1991) ; Threads of Dreams (1994) ; A Gentle Madness (1997).
sir Peter WRIGHT (né en 1926).
Danseur, chorégraphe, maître de ballet et directeur de compagnie britannique.
Il étudie avec K.*Jooss, V. *Volkova et P. *Van Praagh. Il fait ses débuts avec les Ballets Jooss (1945-1946, puis 1951-1952) et travaille avec plusieurs compagnies, dont le *Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet (1949-1951 et 1952-1955), pour lequel il chorégraphie sa première œuvre, A Blue Rose (1957). Il enseigne à la *Royal Ballet School (1957-1959) et devient maître de ballet du Sadler's Wells Opera Ballet en 1959, puis rejoint le Ballet de *Stuttgart (1961-1967) en tant que professeur et maître de ballet de la jeune compagnie de *Cranko. De retour à Londres, il s'impose par la réussite de ses ballets pour la télévision et collabore à diverses *comédies musicales et *revues données à West End. En 1970, il est nommé directeur adjoint du *Royal Ballet, puis directeur du Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet (1975-1995), dont il organise la transformation en *Birmingham Royal Ballet.
Dès son passage à Stuttgart, il révèle son intérêt pour la reprise des grands classiques, qui deviendra une de ses spécialités : il y signe sa première *Giselle (1966), qu'il remontera plus tard pour les deux compagnies du Royal Ballet et d'autres compagnies (Canada, Pays-Bas, Allemagne, Brésil), ainsi qu'un Namouna (1967). Il monte par la suite de nombreuses productions (la *Belle au bois dormant, *Coppélia et le *Lac des cygnes), et reprend avec le Birmingham Royal Ballet des œuvres injustement oubliées. Très apprécié pour sa personnalité chaleureuse et sympathique, il est considéré comme l'un des meilleurs directeurs de compagnie britanniques. Il est anobli en 1993.
CH
Autres chorégraphies. The Great Peacock (1958, International B.) ; Musical Chairs (1959, Western Th. B.) ; Quintet (1963, Stuttgart B.) ; The Mirror Walkers (1963, Stuttgart B.) ; Danse macabre (1968, Western Th. B.) ; Designs for Dancers (1963) ; Arpège (1974, Royal B. Sch.) ; l'*Amour sorcier (1975, Touring *Royal B.) ; Summertide (1976).
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