Formée en danse classique, elle intègre le *Ballet Gulbenkian en 1976, où elle réalise ses premières pièces. Invitée par des compagnies de ballet, collaborant à des mises en scène de théâtre et d'opéra, elle crée, en 1995, sa propre structure de création.
Lágrima (1983), sur une musique de Nina Hagen, bouscule le style du Ballet Gulbenkian en évoquant le thème de la violence sexuelle. Le corps est la source première d'émotion, et la femme tient souvent une place majeure (As Troianas, 1985). De Cenas de caça (1993) à Propriedade privadaz (1998), elle accède à une théâtralité parfois sombre et obsessionnelle.
JMA
ROSARIO, [PÉREZ PADILLA Florencia, dite ] (née en 1918).
Danseuse et chorégraphe espagnole.
Elle étudie avec Realito, la Macarrona, José Otero et A. *Pericet Carmona. De 1928 à 1952, elle danse en couple avec *Antonio (sous le nom de los Chavalillos Sevillanos, puis de Rosario y Antonio) dans un répertoire étendu qui inclut Zorongo gitano de F. *García Lorca, Puerta de Tierra, d'I. *Albéniz (*escuela bolera) et d'autres danses *flamenco et régionales. Elle se produit avec lui dans plusieurs films, dont Hollywood's Canteen (1941), Panamericana (1941), Ziegfeld Girl (1941, chor. B. *Berkeley), José María "El Tempranillo" (1949), Niebla y sol (1950, réal. J. M. Forqué). Elle fonde ensuite la compagnie Rosario y su Ballet del Arte Español (1953-1961), puis se consacre à l'enseignement. Représentante de l'école flamenco sévillane, elle se fait remarquer en interprétant Las alegrías et en étant la première à danser sur un taranto, genre musical flamenco jusqu'alors seulement chanté.
BMdF
Autres chorégraphies. Sortilegio de la luna (1955). Bibliographie. R. Salama Benarroch, Rosario, aquella danza española, Maniagua, Grenade, 1997.
Carolina ROSATI, [ndn. Galletti C. ] (1826-1905).
Danseuse italienne.
Élève de C. *Blasis, elle débute la scène dès l'âge de sept ans. Elle se produit dans différents théâtres italiens (Rome, Trieste, Parme) et consolide sa renommée à la *Scala en 1845-1846. Engagée par l'imprésario Lumley au Her Majesty's Theatre de Londres, où elle reste trois ans, elle y tient des rôles importants : elle succède notamment à L. *Grahn dans la reprise du *Pas de quatre (1847, J. *Perrot) aux côtés de M. *Taglioni, C. *Grisi et F. *Cerrito, participe à la création des *Quatre Saisons (1848, Perrot) et danse comme prima ballerina dans les ballets que P. *Taglioni monte alors à Londres (Coralia, 1847 ; Thea, 1847 ; Fiorita, 1848 ; La Prima Ballerina, 1849 ; les Plaisirs d'hiver, 1849). En 1851, elle débute à l'Opéra de *Paris dans un *divertissement, reprenant ensuite les rôles principaux dans des ballets de J. *Mazilier restés au répertoire (le *Corsaire, 1856 ; *Marco Spada, 1857). Prima ballerina au *Mariinski (1859, 1860 et 1862), elle y fait ses adieux à la scène dans la *Fille du pharaon (1862, M. *Petipa).
NSca
Jürgen Rose (né en 1937).
Scénographe allemand.
Après ses premières scénographies pour le théâtre d'Ulm, il est invité par J. *Cranko à collaborer à son *Roméo et Juliette (1962, Stuttgart). Immédiatement fructueuse, l'association va durer jusqu'à la mort du chorégraphe et concerner aussi bien ses nouvelles versions de ballets du répertoire (le *Lac des cygnes, 1963 ; l'*Oiseau de feu, 1964) que son œuvre majeure *Onéguine (1965) ou encore le *Poème de l'extase (1971) et Initiales R.B.M.E. (1972). La sensibilité et l'intuition de Rose par rapport aux exigences de la danse font de lui le partenaire respecté de chorégraphes tels A. *Tudor (Giselle, 1963), C. *Franca (Casse-Noisette, 1964, B. national du *Canada ; Cendrillon, 1968, B. national du Canada), K. *MacMillan (Concerto, 1966, Berlin) et surtout de J. *Neumeier (le Baiser de la fée, 1972, Francfort ; le Lac des cygnes, 1976, Hambourg ; la Belle au bois dormant, 1978, Hambourg ; la Dame aux camélias, 1978, Stuttgart).
MW
Elsa Marianne von ROSEN (née en 1924).
Danseuse et chorégraphe suédoise.
Elle se forme en danse *moderne avec Vera Alexandrova et en danse *classique avec les époux Koslowski et Jenny Hasselquist, une élève de M. *Fokine. Elle étudie ensuite pendant deux ans à l'École du *Ballet royal danois, où elle est la première élève étrangère à être admise et où elle acquiert une connaissance profonde du répertoire A. *Bournonville. Après un premier récital couronné de succès à Stockholm en 1941, elle obtient de nombreux engagements de soliste et participe au groupe occasionnel pour lequel B. *Cullberg crée son chef-d'œuvre *Mademoiselle Julie (1950). Lors de la reprise de ce ballet en 1951 au *Ballet royal suédois, elle danse le rôle-titre avec une telle réussite qu'elle est promue première danseuse. Elle danse ensuite tous les rôles principaux du répertoire (le *Lac des cygnes, la *Belle au bois dormant, *Giselle), interprétant aussi une superbe Vendeuse de gants dans *Gaîté parisienne. En 1959, elle quitte le Ballet royal pour former une compagnie itinérante avec son mari, l'écrivain et historien de la danse Allan Fridericia. Directrice du Ballet de Göteborg (1970-1976), puis de celui de Malmö (1980-1987), elle travaille entre-temps et depuis comme chorégraphe indépendante en Europe et en Amérique. Mettant à profit sa formation à Copenhague et l'aide de son mari, elle remonte de nombreux ballets de Bournonville, dont la *Sylphide (1960, *B. Rambert ; 1975, *Maly) et *Napoli (1982, *Kirov). Elle monte également divers ballets du répertoire et signe des chorégraphies originales telles Irene Holm (1960) et Jenny von Westfalen (1965), consacré à l'épouse de Karl Marx.
BH
Heinz ROSEN (1908-1972).
Danseur, chorégraphe et directeur de ballet allemand.
Après s'être formé auprès de R. *Laban, V. *Gsovski et K. *Jooss, il danse à partir de 1933 dans les Ballets Jooss. Maître de ballet à Bâle (1946-1951), il y crée notamment Vom Krieg zum Frieden et Den Opfern (mus. H. *Villa-Lobos). De 1959 à 1967, il est directeur du ballet de l'Opéra de *Bavière. À partir de 1965, à la suite de menaces antisémites anonymes dont il est victime, il sombre dans une dépression nerveuse dont il ne se rétablira pas. Révélant un penchant pour le ballet d'envergure, dans lequel il se plaît à mettre en scène l'action dramatique et les danseurs avec une grande précision et un sens aigu du détail, il puise aussi bien dans la grammaire classique que dans le vocabulaire de la danse libre qu'il a hérité de ses maîtres. Son œuvre majeure est la Dame à la Licorne, sur un livret de J. *Cocteau, créée en 1953 à Munich, et qu'il remonte par la suite avec succès à Paris, New York et Buenos Aires.
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